collatz conjecture
The Collatz conjecture is one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics. The conjecture asks
whether repeating two simple arithmetic operations will eventually transform every positive integer
into 1. It concerns sequences of integers in which each term is obtained from the previous term as
follows: if the previous term is even, the next term is one half of the previous term. If the previous
term is odd, the next term is 3 times the previous term plus 1. The conjecture is that these sequences
always reach 1, no matter which positive integer is chosen to start the sequence.